URBAN I Martyr 230ST. Fought with Eastern Church 1118GELASIUS IIImprisoned after election. CELESTINE I St. Patrick goes to Ireland 432ST. "One in being with the Father").
Pope Between Sixtus Iii And Hilarious Children
Asserted papal claims as Roman (Western) Empire collapsed 417ST. Decreed a two-thirds majority, not unanimity, needed for papal election 1181LUCIUS III Urged use of force to defeat heresy 1185URBAN III Legend says he died of sorrow when Muslims reclaimed Jerusalem 1187GREGORY VIII Died after two months 1187CLEMENT III Ended 60 years of tension between church and empire. First monarchical episcopate. Instigated another Crusade 1265CLEMENT IV French. He may have been murdered 903LEO V After a few weeks he was imprisoned, then murdered 904SERGIUS IIIRestored Lateran Palace after an earthquake 911ANASTASIUS III Disorder. Power collapsed and he fled. Pope between sixtus iii and hilarious children. Possibly poisoned 884ST. Had affair with mother of Rome's most powerful woman 928LEO VIQuestionable conduct 929STEPHEN VIII Little known about him 931JOHN XI Possibly the illegitimate son of Sergius III. Rome declining, empire is formally partitioned into East and West 296ST. CELESTINE V Incompetent.
Pope Between Sixtus Iii And Hilarious
Black Death sweeps Europe, killing millions 1362URBAN V French. Claimed authority over whole Christian world 1216HONORIUS III Rose against emperor of Germany. Brought peace to Italy and the church. Now popes validate the emperors 817ST. Poland Christianized (966) 973BENEDICT VI When protector Otto I died, he was killed by antipope Boniface 974BENEDICT VII Charitable pope. Established Easter on first Sunday after the full moon in March 155ST. Pope after pope sixtus iv. 32 ST. PETER Galilean. Emperor Henry III, on his deathbed, entrusted him with the empire 1057STEPHEN IX Lorrainer. Bizarre death, under the collapse of his palace in Viterbo 1277NICHOLAS III First to live in Vatican Palace. LEO IICelebrated for devotion to poor 684ST. Plotted to take Constantinople by force.
Pope Between Sixtus Iii And Hilarious Movie
672DEUSDEDIT II Kind to poor, pilgrims. AGAPITUS I Went to Constantinople to control Byzantine Emperor Justinian, but poisoned by Justinian's wife 536ST. Last of the antipopes, Felix V, abdicates 1447NICHOLAS V First Renaissance pope. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, Pope Benedict XVI, is the 265th person to serve as Bishop of Rome. Pope sixtus the sixth. First German pope in 950 years. VITALIANEngland adopts Roman date of Easter.
Pope Sixtus The Sixth
HORMISDASBenedictines founded 523ST. Lasted 23 days, died of malaria 1049ST. Poisoned 985JOHN XV First pope to canonize a saint (Ulric). Gestures toward East came to nothing 1272GREGORY X The Holy See was vacant for three years until the people threatened to starve cardinals 1276INNOCENT V Spread Christianity to Mongolia, baptised the Great Khan's ambassadors 1276ADRIAN V Lasted just 39 days 1276JOHN XXIPortuguese. Imprisoned, mutilated. Pushed reform and spiritual renewal of church 1130INNOCENT II An antipope drove him from Rome twice 1143CELESTINE II Tried to end war between England and Scotland 1144LUCIUS II Political strife in Rome. Rome at theological odds with Constantinople 440ST. Theologically, Saint Peter, whom Christ had made the principal apostle, had gone to Rome.
Pope After Pope Sixtus Iv
Spent papal treasury on huge excesses. First and only English pope. Fights against Antipope Novatian. Excommunicated the emperor, then was forced to flee 1119CALIXTUS II French. Introduced sung 'Gloria' in Sunday liturgy 514ST. Imprisoned by King Theodoric, Goth ruler of Italy, died in Ravenna 526ST. SIXTUS III Erected, embellished churches. Muhammad (570-632) builds following 640SEVERINUS Fought with Emperor Heraclus in East 640JOHN IV Croatian. But nepotism returns 1691INNOCENT XIIReformist, issued decree against nepotism.
Pope Between Sixtus Iii And Hilarious Face
1003JOHN XVII Probably a relative of Rome's dominant family 1004JOHN XVIII Briefly restored union between Greek and Latin churches 1009SERGIUS IV One of two popes to change name because birth name was Peter. PASCAL I Incited Christians of Palestine and Spain against the Arabs 824EUGENE IIFounded what became the Roman Curia, or "cabinet" of advisers 827VALENTINE Served only 40 days 827GREGORY IVOrganized army against Saracens in Africa 844SERGIUS II Arabs invade Rome, pillaging St. Peter's and St. Paul's 847ST. SIMPLICIUS Last of Western emperors, Romulus Augustulus, succeeded by Germanic kingdom in Italy 483ST. Sold papal crown and gave proceeds to charity 1978JOHN PAUL I First pope in a millennium to refuse to wear crown.
The Bishop of Rome also is Patriarch of the West and "Servant of the Servants of God" or universal pastor of the Church. Probably poisoned 913LANDO Man of good character. Encouraged Spain's fight against Muslims 715ST. First great Crusade declared, to liberate Jerusalem from Muslims 1099PASCHAL IIImprisoned by Henry V, who wanted free elections of bishops. Papal political power in steep decline 1740BENEDICT XIV Called "scholars' pope, " wrote first papal encyclical, on duties of bishops 1758CLEMENT XIII Pressured by Catholic countries (Portugal, Spain, France) to suppress Jesuits 1769CLEMENT XIV Crushed 23, 000-member Jesuit society, which decimated Catholic schools and missions 1775PIUS VIOpposed French Revolution, imprisoned by Napoleon, died in exile 1800PIUS VIICrowned and then excommunicated Napoleon.
Killed by half-brother Alberic II, at age 29 936LEO VII Pawn of Alberic II, ruler of Rome. SILVERIUSJustinian invaded Rome and exiled pope to Sardinia, where he died 537VIGILIUS Corrupt pawn of Justinian 556PELAGIUS IJustinian influenced his election. Last pope to seek imperial approval for his pontificate 741ST. Resisted new emperor in East 731ST. Returned to Rome 1378URBAN VI Last noncardinal elected pope 1389BONIFACE IX Blatent nepotism. Hungary Christianized (942) 942MARINUS II Allowed to do little 946AGAPITUS IIConverted Harold of Denmark 955JOHN XII Crowned Otto, restoring Holy Roman Empire, which lasted until 1806. Concordat of Worms proclaimed sole right of the pope to nominate bishops 1124HONORIUS II Peaceful interlude. Politically inept 418ST. Declared every creature on Earth is subject to pope 1303BENEDICT XIScholarly but weak, controlled by French king. First to issue edicts, in imperial style 399ST.
Elected suddenly when he went to Rome to pay homage. DIONYSIUS Began debate over divine and human nature of Christ in single person. Russia Christianized (988) 996GREGORY V Saxon. One account says he was killed by a stone while trying to stop a riot 1145EUGENE III Fled and wandered Italy and France until wars ended. Probably poisoned 1047BENEDICT IX "Elected" for the third time, then forced out by emperor 1048DAMASUS IIBavaria. Declared papal Inquisition: death for heretics 1241CELESTINE IV Died mysteriously after 16 days 1243INNOCENT IV First to approve of torture to extract confessions from heretics 1254ALEXANDER IVSummary prosecution against heresy 1261URBAN IV French. Followed 4 years of heavy persecution, when the seat was vacant 309ST. Sold food for profit during famine 607BONIFACE IIIForbade all discussion of papal succession until three days after a pope's death 608ST.
GREGORY VII Major turning point in papal centralization; claimed authority over whole church 1086VICTOR III Declared his election invalid but was elected a second time 1088URBAN II French. Papal protection shifts to Franks 757ST. Briefly returned to Rome. First pope to abdicate. Died of heart attack after 33 days 1978JOHN PAUL II Polish. Imperial persecutions led to mass exodus from Rome 251ST. Saracens invade Sicily 676DONUS Builder and restorer of churches 678ST. Banned all Jewish books 1605LEO XI Served less than a month 1605PAUL VCensured Galileo for teaching that Earth revolves around the sun 1621GREGORY XVDecreed secret ballots for papal elections 1623URBAN VIII Imprisoned Galileo. Championed tolerance 1958JOHN XXIII Universally beloved at the time of his death. GREGORY II Sent mission to Germany. Tension with the Emperor Barbarossa 1159ALEXANDER III Excommunicated Barbarossa. He opposed Italian nationalism, freedom of press 1846PIUS IXVatican Council I defines papal infallibility.
Beaten to death with a stick and thrown into a well 222ST. Virtual civil ruler of Rome 604SABINIANDespised. FELIX IV Goths assume heavy hand in papal elections 530ST. BONIFACE IVConsecrated Pantheon to worship of God 615ST. Under attack from Saracens, Turks in the East, and in Spain 705JOHN VIIEmperor Justinian II slaughters many Italians 708SISSINNIUS Syrian.