Copyright©2010 E3 Scholastic Publishing. Describe the change in kinetic energy of the substance during segments A and segment B? The given heating curve represents a substance in phases solid, liquid, and gas. 140 C. Temperature ( o C) 120 D. 80. Topics for each state include: pressure conversions, relationship between Kelvin and kinetic energy, phase changes, intermolecular forces, types of solids, phase diagrams and much more! Therefore, when the potential energy is increasing is when the molecule is changing phases. Remember, temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy. In this case it is labeled as segment 3. What is the total length of the time that the substance exists only as a liquid? Finally, because liquids are higher in energy than solids, and lower in energy than gasses the middle slanted line must be the liquid phase. At what temperature are the solid and liquid phases exist at equilibrium?
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The flat areas of the graph represent areas in which heat is being added, but there is no corresponding increase in temperature. At which segment or segments is the substance exists in two phases? Is the total length of time it took for the substance to change from liquid to solid? How much energy is required to boil 9 moles of liquid water at its boiling point, and what is the temperature of the water vapor product? When the kinetic energy is increasing (the temperature is also increasing) the substance is not going through a phase change.
Which segment represents only the liquid phase? Therefore there is a mix of molecules during segments 2 and 4. The temperature remains constant throughout a phase change, thus the final temperature would still be 100°C. Which segment or segments represents a time when the substance is in one phase? Potential energy of the substance remains constant during which segment or segments? The diagram below shows the cooling of a substance starting with the substance at a temperature above it. There is a lower heat of fusion at higher elevation.
However, in the event of a phase change (water melts at 273K), the heat of fusion or vaporization must be added to the total energy cost. Set E: Phase change diagram Objective: To test your ability to interpreted phase change diagrams. Using the heat curve, define the segment time(s) that the kinetic energy of the substance is increasing. When kinetic energy is increasing molecules are simply moving faster. The atmospheric pressure is lower at high elevation, so water boils at a lower temperature. All Rights Reserved. How much heat must be added to raise a sample of 100g of water at 270K to 280K? Therefore the kinetic energy will be the highest when the temperature is the highest. In the given heating curve, which segment(s) correlate to a mixture of phases? The total energy requirement to heat a given amount of steam is found by mulitplying the the number of moles to be vaporized by the energy of vaporization per mole. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21. So, the kinetic energy is increasing during segments 1, 3, and 5. The formula becomes: Example Question #4: Energy Of Phase Changes.
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Increasing temperature means that vapor pressure increases as well. Example Question #10: Energy Of Phase Changes. Boiling is a phase change from liquids to gas. The atmospheric pressure is lower at high elevations. The substance is losing heat at a rate of 155 Joules per minute. How much heat did the substance lose to completely change from liquid to solid? Heat is transferred from the water to the air, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the air.
Hydrogen bonds are easier to disrupt at high elevation. Rather, this added heat energy is used to break the intermolecular forces between molecules/atoms and drive phase changes. In the heating curve shown above, at what point do the molecules have the highest kinetic energy?
The enthalpy of vaporization gives the amount of energy required to evaporate a liquid at its boiling point, in units of energy per mole. Explain your answer. The specific heat capacity of water is, and water's heat of fusion is. Therefore the kinetic energy increases whenever the temperature is increasing. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44.
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Therefore only the segments that are at an incline will have the substance in just one phase. The beginning of segment 5. Step-by-step PowerPoint notes will guide your stu. At which segment or segments is the substance average kinetic energy increasing? Which segment represents the substance as it is boiling? Page 19 - Surviving Chemistry Workbook Preview. What is the phase or phases of the substance during segment C?
Water has a higher vapor pressure at high elevation. What is the total length of time that the substance undergoes fusion? B C. Temperature ( o C) 50. States of Matter - Intermolecular Forces, Kinetic Molecular Theory, Temperature, Pressure, Solids, Liquids, Gases, Distance learning, Remote learningThis bundle of lesson plans will teach your students about Kinetic Molecular Theory for solids, liquids, and gases. When vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, water boils. Is impossible to determine. Why does water boil at a lower temperature at high elevation?
The following fomula gives the heat needed to generate a given temperature change for a substance of known specific heat capacity: where is the heat input in Joules, is the mass of the sample in grams, and is the specific heat capacity in. All AP Chemistry Resources. As a substance condenses from the gas phase to the liquid phase, it loses energy in the form of heat loss. Using the heating curve, determine which segment(s) relate to an increase in potential energy. What is the melting point of the substance? The higher the elevation, the denser water is. In this case, gas phase is the highest energy phase, and liquids is the next highest. Is the diagram a heating curve of water or of a different substance? As condensation forms on a glass of ice water, the temperature of the air surrounding the glass __________.
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