"The diversity of the demographics, " he said, "has to be reflected in the typologies in the buildings. State control of available land is thus a necessary condition for mass housing urbanization, which can be achieved through the regulation of the land and housing markets in combination with planning strategies and the imposition of various forms of land tenure. Terms in this set (56). Living on reclaimed land in mexico city has provided water. Footnote 82 Tin Shui Wai was not the only example for this strong form of socio-economic peripheralization, but by its sheer scale it symbolized the socio-spatial trapping of a considerable portion of the metropolitan working class in the periphery (Figure 4).
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The answer of the French government to this triple process of peripheralization was a complete change of urban strategy. Pregnancy & Parenting. But then he pointed closer, to the street, where the informal city was on display, "the public life external to the home, " he said: food stands, shops at the curb, and soccer games on the street. Loïc Wacquant calls this polarity between affluent and impoverished neighbourhoods 'advanced marginality'. Reading the territorial logic of Mexico City's mass housing urbanization through the Hong Kong case, we can clearly distinguish the pivotal role of the state in dominating territorial relations. MAR in the Metro Area of Mexico City. Water | Free Full-Text | An Overview of Managed Aquifer Recharge in Mexico and Its Legal Framework. Dirección General de Construcción y Operación Hidráulica-Secretaría General de Obras-DDF; Lesser & Asociados, S. de C. Recarga artificial de agua residual tratada al acuífero del Valle de México, Ingeniería Hidráulica en México/mayo-agosto; Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua: Morelos, México, 1991; pp. 34 Tricart, "Genèse d'un dispositif d'assistance", 608. Lefebvre's encompassing understanding of centre-periphery relations also allowed him to link processes of peripheralization in metropolitan and in remote and sparsely settled territories. Granting political rights was never part of this economic, administrative, and territorial restructuring programme. Alley, W. Groundwater Resources: Sustainability, Management, and Restoration. Thinking the urban, with its 'multiple elsewhere, ' to use Jennifer Robinson's phrase, allows us to revisit and provincialize inherited terms and ways of understanding mass housing urbanization.
Footnote 20 To accelerate housing production, the French state adopted several financial and political incentives for the construction industry. Decentring Western Europe and its canonical narratives of housing histories pushed us to thoroughly reposition and calibrate the role of the nation-state within the process of mass housing urbanization. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (). In various ways, mass housing urbanization thus marked a turning point for the development of Hong Kong. Higher Education (University +). But it was never enough to keep up. In 2003, to 'ensure public hygiene and effective management', it imposed a 'marking scheme' with a code of conduct for public housing tenants, who could be cited for any of twenty-eight 'misdeeds' (e. g. littering, smoking, drying clothes in corridors, water dripping from air-conditioner) and assigned 'penalty points'. 45 Bourdieu and Christin, "La construction du marché", 67; Kleinman, "France", 60–68; Lefebvre, Mouillart, and Occhipinti, Politique du logement, 52–4. With Hong Kong's rise to a global city, strategic territorial planning became a decisive instrument for the promotion of economic growth and advanced a fundamental urban restructuring. Full article: Peripheralization through mass housing urbanization in Hong Kong, Mexico City, and Paris. Sharing of another kind reduces traffic congestion. Managed Aquifer Recharge as a Key Element in Sonora River Basin Management, Mexico. Page, D. ; Bekele, E. ; Vanderzalm, J. ; Sidhu, J. Asociación Nacional de Empresas de Agua y Saneamiento de México, A.
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Managers: National Water Commission and Municipalities. The coexistence of authoritarian strategies and local empowerment has led to the great diversity of territorial situations, architectonic forms, and urban infrastructures that characterize the grands ensembles. In Mexico, the poor material quality of the houses and the interdiction of altering them inhibited the appropriation of urban space and thus contributed to peripheralization. The subsidized metro network is mainly located in the CDMX, and only a few lines of rapid bus transport connect central areas with municipalities in the Estado de México (Map 3). Living on reclaimed land in Mexico City has provided __________. - Brainly.com. The production of civic pride. Replenish aquifer, reduce land subsidence and increase water availability||Dug well/shaft/pit injection||Effluent|. In Hong Kong, urban forms of maximum density managed by the Hong Kong Housing Authority became tools for surveillance and discipline of colonial subjects and thus reinforced processes of peripheralization. Scarcity, Degradation, Stress, Conflicts, Management, and Policy, 1st ed.
Tidwell, V. ; Moreland, B. ; Shaneyfelt, C. ; Kobos, P. Mapping Water Availability, Cost and Projected Consumptive Use in the Eastern United States with Comparisons to the West. The colonial government initially refused to provide resettlement to illegal squatters, but squatter communities grew rapidly from 30, 000 inhabitants in 1947–300, 000 in 1950. Until the early 1960s in Paris and the late 1970s in Hong Kong, a social rental apartment in a modernist housing estate signified a social promotion. Legal Framework and Public Policies for MAR. Some Mexico City streets now have one lane for pedestrians and one for cars, as on 16 September Avenue. Living on reclaimed land in mexico city has provided additional documentation. The urban model of the grands ensembles and the transformation of Paris. Footnote 7 Peripheralization is also closely related to processes of stigmatization, marginalization, and exclusion and often associated with processes of shrinkage.
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Only two state-led housing funds manage the entire mortgage market for low-income housing in Mexico: INFONAVIT, the institution granting housing loans to private-sector employees, and FOVISSSTE, the corresponding institution for state employees. The Public Works Department was responsible for the construction work, while the newly established Resettlement Department oversaw estate management, squatter control, slum clearance, and rehousing. Living on reclaimed land in mexico city has provided new. And yet, the ideological framing of this kind of production of space used the spatial fetishism of 'home' and 'prosperity' to conceal the contradictions of colonial domination. Gude, V. G. Desalination and Water Reuse to Address Global Water Scarcity.
Footnote 28 Local empowerment could also be achieved when a ZUP was based on the initiative and leadership of a mayor, such as the ZUP of Créteil which included a new university. Guide Book to Studies of Land Subsidence due to Ground-Water withdrawal Edited by Joseph, F. Poland. Paseo de la Reforma is one, its curbs lined with the same species of trees as its model, the Champs-Élysées in Paris. This often goes hand in hand with economic prosperity, particularly when homogenization and commodification reduce the possibilities for appropriation and self-management of economic, socio-political, and cultural spaces. In some peripheral areas, railway stations were transformed into new urban centralities directly coupled with condominium towers for the growing middle classes.
A year ago, Paulina Campos, M. P. '07, took up that challenge as CEO of an Infonavit-founded nonprofit whose mission is community-building at affordable-housing complexes. Rather than overcoming social contradictions, mass housing urbanization during this period produced new contradictions: social housing estates developed into containers of poverty and despair. "It's not just a technical problem. But only 20, 000 a year get built. Figueroa-Vega, G. El Valle de Mexico y la infiltración artificial; Comisión Hidrológica de la Cuenca del Valle de Mexico: México City, Mexico, 1970. The ensuing formation of an industrial workforce provided the necessary precondition for Hong Kong's industrialization and initiated its fundamental change from an entrepôt economy to one of the world's leading industrial export economies. Google Scholar] [CrossRef][Green Version]. Initially, this combination of logistic and everyday peripheralization was not necessarily tied to other processes of peripheralization. Brooks, D. Beyond Greater Efficiency: The Concept of Water Soft Path.
As a result of our comparison, we identified three modalities of peripheralization operating through mass housing urbanization: logistic, everyday, and socio-economic peripheralization. Footnote 31 The social housing companies owned or co-owned by the City of Paris Footnote 32 also facilitated the relocation of working-class inhabitants to the inner banlieue by building large-scale housing estates for the inhabitants of urban renewal sites, such as the Cité des 4000 in La Courneuve (1959) or Les Courtillières in Pantin (1955–61). 58 Mark, Hong Kong and the Cold War. Both the strong standardization of the production process and the resulting product (the urban typologies and floor plans) contribute to imposing normative lifestyles and consumption patterns. Hartog, N. ; Stuyfzand, P. Water Quality Considerations on the Rise as the Use of Managed Aquifer Recharge Systems Widens. As a result, the five New Towns attracted only a fraction of the inhabitants they had been planned for, and in the early 1980s they were additionally struck by a subprime mortgage crisis triggered by the neoliberal reforms of 1978.
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